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Hanks & Company, LLC
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August 2015 News
Update from www.hankscpa.com
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August 2015 Update - Updating Beneficiary Designations &
Benefits of Health Savings Accounts (HSA)
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The importance of updating beneficiary
designations
Most
of us have more than enough to do. We're on the go from early in the morning
until well into the evening — six or seven days a week. Thus, it's no
surprise that we may let some important things slide. We know we need to get
to them, but it seems like they can just as easily wait until tomorrow, the
next day, or whenever.A U.S. Supreme Court decision reminds us that sometimes "whenever" never gets here and the results can be tragic. The case involved a $400,000 employer-sponsored retirement account, owned by William, who had named his wife, Liv, as his beneficiary in 1974 shortly after they married. The couple divorced 20 years later. As part of the divorce decree, Liv waived her rights to benefits under William's employer-sponsored retirement plans. However, William never got around to changing his beneficiary designation form with his employer. When William died, Liv was still listed as his beneficiary. So, the plan paid the $400,000 to Liv. William's estate sued the plan, saying that because of Liv's waiver in the divorce decree, the funds should have been paid to the estate. The Court disagreed, ruling that the plan documents (which called for the beneficiary to be designated and changed in a specific way) trumped the divorce decree. William's designation of Liv as his beneficiary was done in the way the plan required; Liv's waiver was not. Thus, the plan rightfully paid $400,000 to Liv. The tragic outcome of this case was largely controlled by its unique facts. If the facts had been slightly different (such as the plan allowing a beneficiary to be designated on a document other than the plan's beneficiary form), the outcome could have been quite different and much less tragic. However, it still would have taken a lot of effort and expense to get there. This leads us to a couple of important points. If you want to change the beneficiary for a life insurance policy, retirement plan, IRA, or other benefit, use the plan's official beneficiary form rather than depending on an indirect method, such as a will or divorce decree. It's important to keep your beneficiary designations up to date. Whether it is because of divorce or some other life-changing event, beneficiary designations made years ago can easily become outdated. One final thought regarding beneficiary designations: While you're verifying that all of your beneficiary designations are current, make sure you've also designated secondary beneficiaries where appropriate. This is especially important with assets such as IRAs, where naming both a primary and secondary beneficiary can potentially allow payouts from the account to be stretched out over a longer period and maximize the time available for the tax deferral benefits to accrue.
The many benefits of a Health Savings Account
(HSA)
A
Health Savings Account (HSA) represents an opportunity for eligible
individuals to lower their out-of-pocket health care costs and federal tax
bill. Since most of us would like to take advantage of every available tax
break, now might be a good time to consider an HSA, if eligible.An HSA operates somewhat like a Flexible Spending Account (FSA) that employers offer to their eligible employees. An FSA permits eligible employees to defer a portion of their pay, on a pretax basis, which is used later to reimburse out-of-pocket medical expenses. However, unlike an FSA, whatever remains in the HSA at year end can be carried over to the next year and beyond. In addition, there are no income phaseout rules, so HSAs are available to high-earners and low-earners alike. Naturally, there are a few requirements for obtaining the benefits of an HSA. The most significant requirement is that an HSA is only available to an individual who carries health insurance coverage with a relatively high annual deductible. For 2015, the individual's health insurance coverage must come with at least a $1,300 deductible for single coverage or $2,600 for family coverage. For many self-employed individuals, small business owners, and employees of small and large companies alike, these thresholds won't be a problem. In addition, it's okay if the insurance plan doesn't impose any deductible for preventive care (such as annual checkups). Other requirements for setting up an HSA are that an individual can't be eligible for Medicare benefits or claimed as a dependent on another person's tax return. Individuals who meet these requirements can make tax-deductible HSA contributions in 2015 of up to $3,350 for single coverage or $6,650 for family coverage. The contribution for a particular tax year can be made as late as April 15 of the following year. The deduction is claimed in arriving at adjusted gross income (the number at the bottom of page 1 on your return). Thus, eligible individuals can benefit whether they itemize or not. Unfortunately, however, the deduction doesn't reduce a self-employed person's self-employment tax bill. When an employer contributes to an employee's HSA, the contributions are exempt from federal income, Social Security, Medicare, and unemployment taxes. An account beneficiary who is age 55 or older by the end of the tax year for which the HSA contribution is made may make a larger deductible (or excludible) contribution. Specifically, the annual tax-deductible contribution limit is increased by $1,000. An HSA can generally be set up at a bank, insurance company, or other institution the IRS deems suitable. The HSA must be established exclusively for the purpose of paying the account beneficiary's qualified medical expenses. These include uninsured medical costs incurred for the account beneficiary, spouse, and dependents. However, for HSA purposes, health insurance premiums don't qualify. |
Deduction: Your Home Office
If you’ve set up a home office or a specific portion of your home that you regularly and exclusively use for working or as a place to meet with clients, you can claim deductions on that space. Deductions include a percentage (based on the percentage of space used in your home or apartment) of your real estate taxes, mortgage interest, rent, insurance, painting, repairs, and depreciation.
Additionally, you can deduct a portion of your utilizes for the amount you use them for work, such as Internet access, cellular phones, electricity, heat, etc. Remember, the area you claim must be exclusively used for business for it to be a deductible. For more information, visit the Form 8829 page at IRS.gov.
Deduction: Elance And Other Fees
If you’re using Elance to earn a portion or all of your income, you can actually write off any of the fees as they are a “cost to do business.” This includes monthly memberships, add-on Connects, and Elance’s service fee (6.75% to 8.75%). Also, if your business frequently utilizes other services, like Skype or PayPal, you can also deduct those expenses as long as they are primarily used for your business.
Deduction: Travel Expenses
While you are currently unable to deduct the expenses associated with commuting to work, you can deduct costs associated with traveling from your office (or home office) to other work-related locations, like a coffee shop to meet a client, your local office supply store for business supplies, or an airplane ticket across the country for a business conference. One great specific example is that you can claim 55 cents per mile in 2009 as well as parking fees and highway tolls you paid on the way to meet a client or attend a business function.
According to the IRS, deductible travel expenses include (but are not limited to) travel by airplane, train, bus, or car between your home and your business destination, use of your car at your business destination, fares for taxis or other types of transportation to business-related locations, meals and lodging, tips you pay for services related to any of these expenses, and more. For more information, review Topic 511 at IRS.gov.
Deduction: Research And Education
Speaking of conferences, any research-related activity and the costs associated with it are also deductible, so long as they are related to your business or work. Conference entry fees, books, magazine subscriptions, publications or journals can all qualify, as well as educational expenses so long as it “maintains or improves your job performance.” For more information regarding education tax deductions, visit Topic 513 at IRS.gov.
Deduction: Networking And Entertainment
The annual membership fees for certain clubs and organizations, like alumni associations or your local Chamber of Commerce, can be written off as tax deductible if they are places for you to find potential clients and other business opportunities. Additionally, entertainment expenses for a client, customer, or employee can also be written off, but there are several rules that must be met in order for the expense to qualify. You can review these rules at Publication 463 at IRS.gov.
Deduction: Elancers
Whether you’re a newly launched small business looking to find someone to supplement your team or a longtime Elance provider looking for some help on a large-scale project, the fees associated with hiring contractors and subcontractors are tax deductible. Bonus: If you’re using Elance, all of your invoices are stored online, so you won’t have to fuss with finding paper copies of invoices or receipts when tax time rolls around.




